Copyright applies to works that are original and are expressed in a fixed form.  It does not cover ideas or facts.
Copyright applies to:

• Artistic works - includes graphic works, paintings, photographs, sculptures, collages, maps.
• Communication works - television and radio broadcasts, online webcasts.
• Dramatic works - a work that is a dance, mime or film script.
• Films - a recording on any medium that consists of a moving image.
• Literary works - any work that is written, other than a dramatic or musical work.
• Musical works - includes works that consist of music but not lyrics.
• Sound recordings - any recording of sound on any medium.
• Typographical arrangements - the way a typeface is laid out in a published literary work.
   

Material available on the Internet is protected by copyright in exactly the same way as print materials are.

Content above sourced https://library.aut.ac.nz/about/copyright-at-aut/copyright-explained with permission from AUT Copyright & Open Access Advisor.

Copyright comes into existence automatically when “the work is recorded, in writing or otherwise” (s15, Copyright Act 1994 (NZ Legislation: Acts website). Copyright does not exist in an idea that is not recorded. “Recorded” here refers to items that may or may not be “published”.

• Published and Unpublished Works - copyright continues for 50 years from the death of the author/creator.
• For works with no known author - copyright period is 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was first made, published, performed, exhibited, or broadcast.
• Copyright exists in the typographical arrangement (exact printed layout and format) of a published edition for 25 years from the year of publication.
• Copyright in sound recordings and films ends after 50 years from when the work was made or 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is made available to the public, i.e. published, broadcast, included in a cable programme service, shown in public, or played in public.
• Copyright in broadcasts and cable programmes lasts for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which they are made.
• Out of print works are still protected by copyright.
• Crown Copyright - Copyright in Crown publications lasts for 100 years. However, there is no copyright in certain Crown publications, e.g. Bills, Acts, Regulations, Parliamentary Debates, Court and Tribunal judgments, reports of Select Committees, Commissions of Inquiry, or Government Inquiries.

Māori cultural works such as imagery, carvings and designs are often culturally significant. It is important to carefully consider not only the copyright of these works, but also the context in which you wish to use them. Even if the works are in the public domain, you may need to seek further advice from appropriate Māori elders or iwi representatives. Refer to the Intellectual Property Office of New Zealand's guide to Māori Intellectual Property for further information.

Content above sourced https://library.aut.ac.nz/about/copyright-at-aut/copyright-explained with permission from AUT Copyright & Open Access Advisor.

Attribution

Acknowledging copyright material is required. You are obliged to fully and correctly identify any author, creator, publisher, and source of any material copied.

There are also specific obligations to attribute when using the licences which UC holds. Specific warning notices are required by these licences for use with music, radio and television broadcast material and material on LEARN. The wording for these is available on the Copyright Warning Notices tab. 

These obligations arise whenever copyright material is legally used by staff or students. For example, if used legally in student essays or theses, in courses on LEARN, in academic publications, in material on web pages. In all these cases you must attribute, see the Attribution tab for the required wording.

Permission and recordkeeping

If you obtain permission from a copyright owner to copy their material, you must keep a record of that permission.

Copyright legislation in New Zealand is complex and includes the:

• Copyright Act 1994 (NZ Legislation: Acts website)
• Copyright (New Technologies) Amendment Act 2008 (NZ Legislation: Acts website)
• Copyright (Infringing File Sharing) Amendment Act 2011 (NZ Legislation: Acts website)

This 1994 Act and its amendments form the basis for all copyright law in NZ and stand where there is no licence acting in conjunction with them.

Fair dealing allows the use of copyrighted material in certain ways where otherwise you would have to seek the permission of the copyright holder. Staff and students may copy a work for their personal study or research purposes or to criticise, review or report on it. It must be correctly attributed. 

Please refer to https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1994/0143/latest/whole.html#DLM345958 and https://www.copyright.co.nz/downloads/assets/5212/1/fact-sheet:-fair-dealing-in-new-zealand.pdf