Section 43 of the Copyright Act 1994 allows for copying to be done if it is “fair dealing” for the purposes of research or private study
See also (for more copyright advice): Millett, Tony. Copyright Guidelines for Research Students.2nd edition, January 2012
In some cases, you may need to seek permission from a rights holder to use their copyright material. Particularly in the case of academic authors, there is a good chance that they will be pleased to provide permission. You will need to keep a record of correspondence to demonstrate that permission has been given.
Guidelines for when seeking permission.
An example letter is available for repurposing.
See https://canterbury.libguides.com/copyright-at-uc/thesis for more advice around copyright and your thesis.
Email: copyright@canterbury.ac.nz
Image credit: Copyright by ProSymbols from the Noun Project